TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

In the shower environment, chlorine can either be in liquid or gas state. At higher water temperatures in the enclosed shower stall, free-chlorine moves from the liquid to the gas state, where it vaporizes and subsequently is inhaled. The United States regulates all showerhead flow at 2.5 gallons per minute. Thus, the science behind shower filtration must take into account the unique situation in the shower, including temperature, flow rate and volume.

Our Dual Media KDF Shower Filter works on a similar principle to a Catalytic Converter in an automobile. In shower filtration free-chlorine is converted into a harmless chloride. The scientific name for this chemical reaction is known as "Reduction-Oxidation", commonly referred to as Redox.  Redox reactions can be chemically complex. Simply stated, during a Redox reaction electrons are transferred between molecules, creating new elements. For instance, when free-chlorine comes in contact with the filtration media, it is changed into a benign, water-soluble chloride. This reaction changes free-chlorine to a larger chloride element, too large to evaporate or be absorbed by the skin. It is then carried harmlessly through the water supply. Hospitals, restaurants, municipal water treatment facilities, and homes rely on KDF process media to safely reduce or remove free chlorine, iron, iron oxides, heavy metals, hydrogen sulfide and bacteria from their water.

KDF process media are high-purity copper-zinc formulations used in treatment applications to reduce heavy metals, hydrogen sulfide, microorganisms, and scale. Water filtered through redox media controls microorganism growth. Treating water reduces bacteria and other microorganisms by electron transport, causing cellular damage. KDF process media also kill bacteria by direct electrochemical contact and by the flash formation hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, both of which interfere with a microorganism's ability to function. High-purity copper-zinc redox media consistently remove 99% of free chlorine by electrochemically reducing dissolved chlorine gas to water-soluble chloride ions.

Redox media remove up to 98% of water-soluble cations (positively-charged ions) of lead, mercury, copper, nickel, chromium, and other dissolved metals. When filtered through KDF media, soluble lead cations are reduced to insoluble lead atoms, which are electroplated onto the surface of the media. All forms of KDF media are guaranteed for product purity, and a certified analytical sheet accompanies each manufacturing run. KDF media also meet EPA and Food and Drug Administration standards for maximum limits of zinc and copper in potable water.